feat(deploy): production deployment setup and fixes
- Debian-based api image (bookworm-slim), docker/debian mirrors, prisma binaryTargets for openssl 3.0 - nginx: admin SPA under /admin, TLS via acme.sh (ZeroSSL) + auto-renewal cron, http->https redirect - prisma: add origin_goods.delisted migration, sync missing schema (good_image/tag_font_color/good_tags), fix users.createdAt Timestamptz - api: CORS wildcard reflection, helmet CORP cross-origin, price backfill in persistProductDetail, categoryIcon ancestor fallback, mediaByColor per-color gallery in public goods detail - admin: /admin base path (vite + router) - import-data.mjs: udt_name casting, serial sequence advance fix
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---
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title: Index JSONB Columns for Efficient Querying
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impact: MEDIUM
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impactDescription: 10-100x faster JSONB queries with proper indexing
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tags: jsonb, gin, indexes, json
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---
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## Index JSONB Columns for Efficient Querying
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JSONB queries without indexes scan the entire table. Use GIN indexes for containment queries.
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**Incorrect (no index on JSONB):**
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```sql
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create table products (
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id bigint primary key,
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attributes jsonb
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);
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-- Full table scan for every query
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select * from products where attributes @> '{"color": "red"}';
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select * from products where attributes->>'brand' = 'Nike';
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```
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**Correct (GIN index for JSONB):**
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```sql
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-- GIN index for containment operators (@>, ?, ?&, ?|)
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create index products_attrs_gin on products using gin (attributes);
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-- Now containment queries use the index
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select * from products where attributes @> '{"color": "red"}';
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-- For specific key lookups, use expression index
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create index products_brand_idx on products ((attributes->>'brand'));
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select * from products where attributes->>'brand' = 'Nike';
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```
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Choose the right operator class:
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```sql
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-- jsonb_ops (default): supports all operators, larger index
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create index idx1 on products using gin (attributes);
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-- jsonb_path_ops: only @> operator, but 2-3x smaller index
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create index idx2 on products using gin (attributes jsonb_path_ops);
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```
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Reference: [JSONB Indexes](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/datatype-json.html#JSON-INDEXING)
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